• Panel involves components which are assembled onsite to create enclosures, partitions or surfaces. Panel assemblies can be set within either conventional structural systems or inside volumetric enclosures. Panel is the current "go to" means for developers delivering solutions at smaller scale for multifamily, commercial and hopitality.

It relevance arises from use in wider and shallower enclosures which are fenestrated along their length, as a detached American suburban house. As a result, Panel as a system delivers less stiffness than Volumetric and therefore is more suitable to lowrise construction, either wood or cold rolled steel.

All panel designs premised, incl.braced core, corridor, townhome flats, and house, based on a standard 1250 gsf 3 bed residential house plan. All units demisable from full 3br to 1/2 br to studio to micro units, for all scales of assembly.

• Volumetric involves enclosures which can operate as structural systems, extending up to 40 stories using steel framing inside the volumetric units, and up to 5 stories with wood framing inside the volumetric units.

Both are capable of delivering solutions at scale for multifamily, commercial and hospitality.

The design of Volumetric emanates takes as its basis longer and deeper enclosures having fenestration at the end transverse to the axis of the volume. As a result it has maximal stiffness for the enclosed volume and can go high as mid rise assembly, assuming tolerances can be controlled. QAQC both in the factory and in the field is a central consideration in this delivery model.

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